- End-system (host) tuning
- Operating system independent: Bugs, Hardware
- Operating system specific: BSD, Linux (InterfaceQueueLength), Mac OS X, Solaris, MS-Windows
- Adapters and drivers: Large Send Offload (LSO), InterruptCoalescence, Large Receive Offload (LRO), ChecksumOffload, TCP Offload Engines (TOEs), large MTUs ("jumbo frames")