DV-MFA Table (Taxonomy of actions)

--- Structure based on Flow: SURFnet 4.8-9 Registration Desk (Self-service token registration) and Flow: SURFnet 4.4 Mobile Application with Optical Scan + NFC +Selfie, to be combined with Jule's detailed structure below...

I Initiate (U - is User the word? Applicant) optional

?_?? (optional)

V_AUTHENTICATE

U_ELIGIBILITY_CHECK

sending the token

U_PREREGISTER_TOKEN (optional) if the user (is expected to) posses a token at the time of registration, could be alternatively done during vetting (token preregistration)

U_CREATE_VETTING_CODE (typically for later token activation, but could also to identify user registration at the start of vetting)

U_ARRANGE_VETTING (optional, only if the e-mail used scheduling, appointment, activation code communication or other relevant interaction, when this could be piggybacked to it)

U_GET_EMAIL_ADDRESS if e-mail is used, from IdP account data or user

U_SCHEDULE_VETTING optional, only if the load at the service desk requires this

U_COMMUNICATE_VETTING_INFO with token activation or QR code, email validation link, instructions, application link, service desk contacts or address and appointment details, or whatever is needed

U_VALIDATE_EMAIL optional, if a valid e-mail address is not already assured/guaranteed and accessible from the IdP data upon password login

V Do the vetting

V_NEGOTIATE (optional, related to U_SCHEDULE_VETTING)

V_CONFIRM_AVAILABILITY can be rejected if the service desk operator or front or back-end services are not available

V_USE_VETTING_CODE if there was U_CREATE_VETTING_CODE - service or operator check the code provided by the user

V_CHECK_ELIGIBILITY optional, if U_ELIGIBILITY_CHECK was not performed, or if it was not sufficient; may include V_AUTHENTICATE, chech/examination of a directory, federated identity, or written institutional certificate

V_PRESENT_PROOF applicant presents a proof of identity, typically picture ID doc with demographic and biometric data

(V_CREATE_DIGITAL_IDENTITY optional, only if the user does not already possess IdP identity (weak or 1st factor identity), done before V_VET_USER_IDENTITY in order to allow parallelism at the service desk; should be undo-able if V_VET_USER_IDENTITY fails. Includes creation of the username and the password and check of their alignment with the enforced policies)

V_SELECT_FACTOR

V_HAND_OVER_FACTOR optional, (if the token is provided by the service desk)

V_VET_USER_IDENTITY detailed check of ID validity and match with the person

V_VET_ PROOF read and inspect the ID doc, compare the user name with the vetting request, check ID security features, optionally electronically read the ID doc, optionally externally check doc validity, compare photo/biometrics match with the person,

V_CHECK_LIVENESS optional, in case online identity vetting, otherwise implied by V_VET_ PROOF conducted with the user

V_RECORD_PROOF_AUDIT_DATA optional, typicaly by recording the last digits of ID doc number (avoid recording excess personal data, photots of the person or ID doc)

V_USE_TOKEN if HAND_OVER_TOKEN, done by the user in parallel with V_VET_USER_IDENTITY

V_PASSWORD_AUTHENTICATION like U_PASSWORD_AUTHENTICATION

V_REGISTER_TOKEN like U_INTRODUCE_FACTOR could be standalone even without V_HAND_OVER_TOKEN, but unnecessary with U_INTRODUCE_FACTOR/U_PREREGISTER_TOKEN and V_USE_VETTING_CODE; the used token will be later bound to digital identity

V_VET_RECORD if both V_VET_USER_IDENTITY and V_USE_TOKEN if HAND_OVER_TOKEN were successful, otherwise reverse V_CREATE_DIGITAL_IDENTITY

B_BIND I would move F_SELECTION DEFINED and F_AUTHENTICATION earlier

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*F Factor Initiation?/(pre-)registration?

Initiate the registration of an additional factor.

Note: * is used as a wildcard. Set the appropriate value which applies to the specific action.

1F: may be used to indicate that a specific action refers to the first factor

2F: may be used to indicate that a specific action refers to the second factor

*F_REQUEST Factor Request

In order to request an additional factor the user provides user information.

There are multiple options to realize this subactivity, e.g.: using federated login, e-mail, showing up at an registration desk, etc.

Input: user information (e.g. name, affiliation)

Output: factor request

*F_SELECTION User Selects Factor

User selects a new factor/authenticator for multi factor authentication.

There may be different factor (types), e.g. something you know/have/are, the user can choose from

as well as multiple realization options/products per factor (e.g. Yubikey, Google Authenticator), here referred as authenticators.

Input: List of possible factors/authenticators

Output: factor selected/assigned and known/in possession/... by the user

REFERENCED FROM: B

*F_AUTHENTICATION

User authenticates with a specific factor. This action may be used for multiple purposes:

This action may be used for the first factor (i.e. 1F_AUTHENTICATE) in order to check first factor knowledge/possession/inheritance/... or as a mean to provide user information (i.e. as a sub action of 2F_REQUEST).

The action may also be used for the second/third/... factor to create an initial binding between digital ID and factor.

This initial binding typically needs to be verified requiring the vetting of the user's identity before it is put into effect.

It may also be used to (cross-) check second/third/... factor knowledge/possession/inheritance/...

Input:

Output:

REFERENCED FROM: B

I Identity Vetting

Capture and verify information about a user for identification.

(Optional) I_SCHEDULING Identification session arrangement and scheduling

Schedule an identification session in order to identify the user.

Optional action. Real-time interaction may not be required.

Input:

Output: identity vetting appointment

Effect on LoA: not applicable

I_CHECK_ELIBILITYCHECK Check Eligibility of User

Check if the user is eligible to request an additional factor.

This action may be an implicit sub action of another action (e.g. *F_REQUEST using federated login).

Input: user information

Output: decision: eligible (yes/no)

Effect on LoA: not applicable

I_VET Vet Identity of User

Vet the real-world identity of the user.

This action consists of multiple sub actions.

I_VET_PROOF???

Compare the claimed identity (information) which is transmitted by the user or system with user's identity proof (e.g. ID doc, activation code).

Input:

Output: 

Effect on LoA:

I_VET_LIVENESS Perform Liveness Check

In case online identity vetting mechanisms are used (such as video identification, online document upload) a liveness check may be performed to prevent fraud.

Example1: Show ID document besides the head to prove ID document and holder match.

Example2: Upload ID document and real-time recorded selfie.

Input: any mean to show liveness

Output: 

Effect on LoA: ???

(Optional) I_VET_SOURCE

Check user's identity proof (e.g. national ID document, employee ID card) against its original source for validity.

Make sure the identity proof is not expired/revooked/invalid/...

Input: user's identity proof

Output: verified identity proof

Effect on LoA: typically higher LoA require this action

I_VET_RECORD Record Identity Proof

For accountability purposes (parts of) the identity proof (e.g. last 6 digits of national ID document) is recorded.

Input: identity proof

Output: record

Effect on LoA: not applicable

B Binding

Establishment of a binding between the digital identity of the user and factor

(Optional) F_SELECTION DEFINED AT: F

Selection of a particular factor/authenticator may take place while or after identity vetting.

Besides the selection by the user an assignment of a factor/authenticator e.g. by the registration desk is possible, too.

Input: List of possible factors/authenticators

Output: factor selected/assigned and known/in possession/... by the user

B_DIGITALID Bind factor to digital ID

Create a binding between the newly selected factor and the digitalID of the user based on a verified user identity.

Input: verified user identity, digital ID of user, factor

Output: binding between digital ID and factor

(Optional) *F_AUTHENTICATION DEFINED AT: F

Test authentication with factor to test functioning and to prove knowledge/possession/inheritance/...

In case preregistration took place, make sure the factors/authenticators match.

Input:

Output: 

B_ACTIVATE Activate Binding of Digital ID and New Factor

Activate the binding of the digital ID of the user and the new factor.

This action is triggered by the registration authority.

Input: binding between digital ID and factor

Output: decision: activation successful/unsuccessful

B_RECORD Create Record of Binding → delete???

#short description

B_CONFIRMATION Inform User about Factor Activation

Inform the user about the correct or incorrect activation of the factor.

In case the factor activation was successful the user can now authenticate using more than one factor.

This action is triggered by the registration authority.

Input: result of factor activation (positive/negative)

Output: message to user

------------------------------------------------------ Template for providing example realization options ---------------------------------------------------------------------

Example realization options

	2FA token request	2FA token (pre-)registration		Identification				Token binding
	1.1) User provides user info	2.1) User selects 2FA token	2.2) User performs authentication with that token to prove possession	3.1) Eligibility check of user	3.2) Vet identity of user			4.1) User chooses own token or handover of token to user	4.2) Bind token to digital ID	4.3) Token-proof-of-possession	4.4) Token activation & record	4.5)Inform user
					3.2.1) Compare claimed/transmitted/spoken information with user's identity proof	3.2.2) Check user's identity proof with its original source for validity	3.2.3) Record identity proof
Method
Live video	federated login			(checked in 1.1 via login)
...