(work in progress)
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Service Provider settings
Also see Passpoint / Hotspot 2.0
OpenRoaming ANPs
Participating in OpenRoaming as an ANP means
a) having a compatible Wi-Fi infrastructure that supports OpenRoaming
b) adding a number of Passpoint Roaming Consortium Organization Identifiers (RCOIs) in the beacons of the Wi-Fi network and
bc) to have an uplink into the OpenRoaming RADIUS infrastructure.
Wi-Fi Infrastructure
To be able to use OpenRoaming, you must use access points (APs) that support Hotspot 2.0 (Passpoint), which OpenRoaming relies on. This means your APs must support ANQP, standardised as 802.11u. Some vendors will not mention whether Hotspot 2.0 is supported in their AP. APs geared towards home networks (so, consumer-level) tend to not have it. If in doubt, contact the vendor.
Enterprise-level APs tend to have support for ANQP and also for Hotspot 2.0. Again, if in doubt, please contact the vendor first and verify that the AP will support it before you purchase. The Release version of Passpoint is described here: https://source.android.com/docs/core/connect/wifi-passpoint
Vendors that do support Hotspot 2.0 are Aruba, Meraki and (obviously) Cisco. This list is not exclusive.
Some vendors only make Hotspot 2.0 features available on request. One example is Meraki, where you must contact support through the Meraki online management portal to request that Hotspot 2.0 is enabled.
Your own RADIUS server can be anything, but if you have a RADIUS server that can speak Radsec, you'll be well on your way there. Radsecproxy is arguably the most well-known open-source Radsec server (and you can put it in front of other non-Radsec servers like Microsoft's NPS) and it is actively supported by the eduroam community; FreeRADIUS 3.2.x has vastly improved Radsec support over earlier versions (you're strongly encouraged to move to the v3.2 branch). Radiator, Cisco ISE and Aruba ClearPass are paid-for solutions that support Radsec, with Radiator very well-suited to do dynamic routing. If you know of other software that supports Radsec, let us know!
Beacon Settings
In order to signal that eduroam users are welcome, a set of these RCOIs can be used. Below are two common choices. Note that the SSID for the network is then arbitrary but SHOULD NOT be "eduroam" as there are known side-effects on supplicants when the network configuration matches both by SSID and by RCOI.
- Baseline Participation: OpenRoaming for All Identities, settlement-free, no personal data requested, baseline QoS - includes, but is not limited to users in education and research
5A-03-BA-00-00 - usage of the hotspot is governed by the OpenRoaming End-User Terms and Conditions - Education-Only Participation: OpenRoaming Visited Network Providers who want to signal that they specifically welcome educational and research (i.e. eduroam) visitors settlement-free, should add the following RCOI instead:
5A-03-BA-08-00 - usage of the hotspot is governed by the OpenRoaming End-User Terms and Conditions
(this option makes sense if the hotspot is also welcoming other identities but on different terms, e.g. with-settlement) - The OpenRoaming framework allows announcing better QoS levels ("Silver" and "Gold") which come with their own RCOIs, differing from the above in one hexit. Since there is no benefit for an ANP in giving higher guarantees, it is suggested not to announce those RCOIs.
- Note, as of 8 Feb 2021: some onboarding tools and IdPs still use exclusively the pre-standard RCOI from Cisco times. This includes most notably: Cisco "OpenRoaming" app; the Samsung OneUI onboarding workflow. If you want to support users with IdPs served by these tools, be sure to include the RCOI 00-40-96 in the beacon.
- You can calculate other RCOIs supported by OpenRoaming here: https://wireless-broadband-alliance.github.io/OR-rcoi-config/
Uplink
In order to be able to communicate with OpenRoaming, you have to either set yourself up as an OpenRoaming service provider (called an ANP in OpenRoaming land) by applying for a certificate from the Wireless Broadband Alliance (WBA), or you have to connect your server to an uplink (a proxy that gets you access to the Openroaming network).
- Third-party hotspots which are onboarded in the OpenRoaming ecosystem by a third party need to take no further action. An OpenRoaming ANP uses the normal NAPTR discovery for users from an eduroam realm. This means that eduroam IdPs will need to publish that a NAPTR record (see further down) and have it point to an eduroam ↔ OpenRoaming ANP proxy. (eduroam OT provides one such proxy for all eduroam participants; eduroam NROs may provide their own for their own institutional user base).
- existing Existing eduroam hotspots wishing to make use of eduroam infrastructure as their OpenRoaming uplink provider currently need to connect the Wi-Fi network that has these RCOIs to a proxy run by eduroam OT - contact points for this are Paul Dekkers and Stefan Winter.
- If you intend to be an ANP, depending on your network access provision conditions, you may need to arrange for additional network provision that allows you to route network traffic that does not comply with your existing provision conditions. For example, organisations receiving network access through the UK JANET network must ensure that non-research/educational users are not routed over the existing network connection, but via separate network access (such as a broadband connection from a commercial provider).
Access Point Configuration examples
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ArubaOS 8.x (controller-based)
Cisco IOS-XE
Meraki OpenRoaming configuration snippet (cloud controller managed)
eduroam SPs
Beacon Settings
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- The contact information concerning the Identity Provider in the eduroam Operations Database needs to MUST be complete and accurate, including at least email address, postal address and telephone number
- The Identity Provider must MUST generate Chargeable-User-Identity attributes in authentication responses
The DNS zone for the Identity Provider's realm name must MUST include a NAPTR record for their realm pointing to an eduroam OpenRoaming interchange proxy. The example below targets the general-purpose proxy operated by eduroam OT; the target host may be different for eduroam NROs who operate their own proxy:
realm.name. 43200 IN NAPTR 100 10 "s" "aaa+auth:radius.tls.tcp" "" _radsec._tcp.openroaming.eduroam.org.
- End user devices need to be provisioned with the pertinent settings to recognise OpenRoaming hotspots - see section "End-User Device Settings" below
- The end users themselves need to be made aware that they are bound by the OpenRoaming End-User Terms and Conditions whenever they connect to OpenRoaming hotspots.
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Operator-Name = 4<string>
where the string is the WBA Identifier of the organisation that operates the hotspot. If you are not a WBA member, you may not have a WBA Identifier. We're establishing how such identifiers can be made available.
End-User Device Settings
Starting with version 2.1, the eduroam onboarding toolset (eduroam CAT and eduroam Managed IdP) integrates Passpoint network definitions in general, and OpenRoaming settings in particular, in its standard workflow. This version is currently available for testing on https://cat-test.eduroam.org with a stale copy of production data.
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Intrinsic support for OpenRoaming exists on later (read, newer) devices and versions of Android. For example, recent Google Pixel devices (Pixel 5 and later) show "OpenRoaming" as a network when a HS2.0 hotspot is detected. You then have the choice to enable roaming to this network by choosing to use your Google account associated with your Android phone. Apps like 'Cisco Openroaming' also enable an account on the same network. CAT profiles installed with geteduroam will show "<realm name> via Passpoint" instead but do not associated associate with the "OpenRoaming" SSID. On some Samsung devices, you may see "OpenRoaming available using Samsung Account" instead, which will function in a similar fashion as the Google Pixel.
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eduroam currently operates a beta-quality central interchange point with OpenRoaming. Third-party SPs find it automatically by looking up NAPTR records in DNS for aaa+auth for the respective realm. Identity Providers need to configure a NAPTR record, see above.
UK eduroam operator Jisc also operates a beta-quality central interchange point with OpenRoaming. eduroam(UK) members should contact their eduroam helpdesk to gain access and join the trial.
Passpoint Release 2: Online Sign-Up
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https://cat-osu.eduroam.org/soap/?idp=X
Where to see OpenRoaming in action
OpenRoaming locations, given the relative 'novelty' of the technology and its growth, are still somewhat sporadic, depending on your location. The Wireless Broadband Alliance took the eduroam Map as an example (encouraged by eduroam community members) to publish its own map at https://wballiance.com/openroamingmaps/ - This map uses the WiGLE service to use crowdsourced data to populate the map and is generally accurate within 24 hours. Non-residential locations generally show up as clusters of at least 4 pins together (a pin per band per SSID).
Policy
GeGC to decide on terms and conditions for letting random SPs serve eduroam users.
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